Crowdsourced Doppler Measurements of Time Standard Stations Demonstrating Ionospheric Variability

Ionospheric variability due to atmospheric coupling produces measurable effects in Doppler shift of HF (high frequency, 3-30 MHz) skywave signals. These effects are straightforward to measure with low-cost equipment and are conducive to citizen science campaigns. The Ham Radio Science Citizen Investigation (HamSCI) Personal Space Weather Station (PSWS) network is a modular network of community-maintained, open-source receivers, which measure Doppler shift in the precise carrier signals of time standard stations WWV and WWVH. Here, data from the first prototype of the Low-Cost PSWS, also known as the Grape receiver, are presented for a period of time spanning late 2019 to early 2022. Software tools for the visualization and analysis of this living dataset are also discussed and provided. These tools are robust to data interruptions and to the addition, removal or modification of stations, allowing both short- and long-term visualization at higher density and faster cadence than other methods. We show two years' worth of Doppler observations from one station showing observed diurnal and seasonal variations in the dawn/dusk terminators. We highlight a solar flare observation. We also discuss our plans to use and extend this network for observations of upcoming solar eclipses.