Evaluation of changes in urban ecological network by biotope types according to biodiversity restoration technology

Due to urbanization, biodiversity loss and landscape fragmentation are rapidly increasing in urban ecosystems. In the case of a city adjacent to a forest area, this phenomenon is more evident. To solve these problems, measures are being implemented to increase biodiversity through green roof, green wall, and green infrastructure expansion in urban ecosystems. However, in order to introduce technology in a limited space such as cities, it is necessary to consider not only the quantitative expansion of green infrastructure but also efficient restoration and conservation measures considering the ecological network. This study evaluated the changes in the ecological network according to the introduction of green roof, green wall, and biodiversity forests in Suwon city, South Korea. To evaluate the ecological network, 2020 Suwon Biotope Map and Omniscape algorithm were used. For each biotope type, a scenario was constructed in which green roof technology was applied to the building with a roof, and green wall technology was applied to a building with 5 stories or less. The biodiversity forest was applied by increasing the weight of the source value in the city park. Suwon city is a place where urban and forest area coexist and is suitable for research on the ecological network of forests and cities. As a result of the analysis, compared to before the technical application, the intensified area increased from 35% to 39% when green roof was applied, and increased to 37% when green wall technology was applied. In particular, when green roof technology was introduced, the number of impeded areas that could block the network decreased from 26% to 15%. In addition, it was identified that the ecological network was concentrated in urban parks and streams in the city even after the application of the technology. This means that the role of urban parks and streams within the city is important. Using the results of this study, it will be implemented a policy to promote biodiversity in consideration of the ecological network within the city ecosystem.