Martian water escape and internal waves

Evidence has accumulated in recent years that suggests that Mars used to have more habitable conditions (1). Determining the processes that led to its current cold and dry state are important for understanding habitability more generally. Observations and modeling efforts show that atmospheric escape has adversely affected Mars’ habitability primarily by irreversibly diminishing the atmospheric water reservoir through loss of atomic oxygen and hydrogen into space (2). Understanding this requires connecting dust storms, atmospheric waves, and atmospheric water.