Effects of artificial light on growth, development, and dispersal of two North American fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)

We studied how artificial light affects immature firefly development and dispersal. In general, firefly eggs, larvae and pupae were not affected by dim light at night. However, early-instar Photuris larvae gained body mass more quickly when lit. Late-instar Photuris larvae burrow down to escape light instead of dispersing away. This escape behavior may have downstream consequences for the fitness of adults.