TOI-2109: An Ultrahot Gas Giant on a 16 hr Orbit
Abstract
We report the discovery of an ultrahot Jupiter with an extremely short orbital period of 0.67247414 ± 0.00000028 days (~16 hr). The 1.347 ± 0.047 R Jup planet, initially identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission, orbits TOI-2109 (TIC 392476080)-a T eff ~ 6500 K F-type star with a mass of 1.447 ± 0.077 M ⊙, a radius of 1.698 ± 0.060 R ⊙, and a rotational velocity of $v\sin {i}_{* }=81.9\pm 1.7$ km s-1. The planetary nature of TOI-2109b was confirmed through radial-velocity measurements, which yielded a planet mass of 5.02 ± 0.75 M Jup. Analysis of the Doppler shadow in spectroscopic transit observations indicates a well-aligned system, with a sky-projected obliquity of λ = 1.°7 ± 1.°7. From the TESS full-orbit light curve, we measured a secondary eclipse depth of 731 ± 46 ppm, as well as phase-curve variations from the planet's longitudinal brightness modulation and ellipsoidal distortion of the host star. Combining the TESS-band occultation measurement with a K s -band secondary eclipse depth (2012 ± 80 ppm) derived from ground-based observations, we find that the dayside emission of TOI-2109b is consistent with a brightness temperature of 3631 ± 69 K, making it the second hottest exoplanet hitherto discovered. By virtue of its extreme irradiation and strong planet-star gravitational interaction, TOI-2109b is an exceptionally promising target for intensive follow-up studies using current and near-future telescope facilities to probe for orbital decay, detect tidally driven atmospheric escape, and assess the impacts of H2 dissociation and recombination on the global heat transport.
- Publication:
-
The Astronomical Journal
- Pub Date:
- December 2021
- DOI:
- 10.3847/1538-3881/ac26bd
- arXiv:
- arXiv:2111.12074
- Bibcode:
- 2021AJ....162..256W
- Keywords:
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- 486;
- 753;
- 489;
- 1709;
- 1332;
- Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
- E-Print:
- 30 pages, 17 figures, published in AJ