STARCNET: Machine Learning for Star Cluster Identification
Abstract
We present a machine learning (ML) pipeline to identify star clusters in the multicolor images of nearby galaxies, from observations obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope as part of the Treasury Project LEGUS (Legacy ExtraGalactic Ultraviolet Survey). STARCNET (STAR Cluster classification NETwork) is a multiscale convolutional neural network (CNN) that achieves an accuracy of 68.6% (four classes)/86.0% (two classes: cluster/noncluster) for star cluster classification in the images of the LEGUS galaxies, nearly matching human expert performance. We test the performance of STARCNET by applying a pre-trained CNN model to galaxies not included in the training set, finding accuracies similar to the reference one. We test the effect of STARCNET predictions on the inferred cluster properties by comparing multicolor luminosity functions and mass-age plots from catalogs produced by STARCNET and by human labeling; distributions in luminosity, color, and physical characteristics of star clusters are similar for the human and ML classified samples. There are two advantages to the ML approach: (1) reproducibility of the classifications: the ML algorithm's biases are fixed and can be measured for subsequent analysis; and (2) speed of classification: the algorithm requires minutes for tasks that humans require weeks to months to perform. By achieving comparable accuracy to human classifiers, STARCNET will enable extending classifications to a larger number of candidate samples than currently available, thus increasing significantly the statistics for cluster studies. * Based on observations obtained with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555.
- Publication:
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The Astrophysical Journal
- Pub Date:
- February 2021
- DOI:
- 10.3847/1538-4357/abceba
- arXiv:
- arXiv:2012.09327
- Bibcode:
- 2021ApJ...907..100P
- Keywords:
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- Star clusters;
- Young star clusters;
- Interacting galaxies;
- Galactic and extragalactic astronomy;
- Young massive clusters;
- Stellar astronomy;
- 1567;
- 1833;
- 802;
- 563;
- 2049;
- 1583;
- Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies;
- Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics;
- Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics;
- Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
- E-Print:
- doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abceba