Experimental demonstration of particle acceleration with normal conducting accelerating structure at cryogenic temperature
Abstract
In this paper, we present an experimental demonstration of the high-gradient operation of an X-band, 11.424 GHz, 20-cells linear accelerator (linac) operating at a liquid nitrogen temperature of 77 K. The tested linac was previously processed and tested at room temperature. Low-temperature operation increases the yield strength of the accelerator material and reduces surface resistance, hence a great reduction in cyclic fatigue could be achieved resulting in a large reduction in breakdown rates compared to room-temperature operation. Furthermore, temperature reduction increases the intrinsic quality factor of the accelerating cavities, and consequently, the shunt impedance leading to increased rf-to-beam efficiency and beam loading capabilities. We verified the enhanced accelerating parameters of the tested accelerator at cryogenic temperature using different measurements including electron beam acceleration up to a gradient of 150 MV /m , corresponding to a peak surface electric field of 375 MV /m . We also measured the breakdown rates in the tested structure showing a reduction of 2 orders of magnitude compared to their values at room temperature for the same accelerating gradient.
- Publication:
-
Physical Review Accelerators and Beams
- Pub Date:
- September 2021
- DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.24.093201
- arXiv:
- arXiv:2011.00391
- Bibcode:
- 2021PhRvS..24i3201N
- Keywords:
-
- Physics - Accelerator Physics;
- High Energy Physics - Experiment
- E-Print:
- Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 24, 093201 (2021)