PETAR: a high-performance N-body code for modelling massive collisional stellar systems

The numerical simulations of massive collisional stellar systems, such as globular clusters (GCs), are very time consuming. Until now, only a few realistic million-body simulations of GCs with a small fraction of binaries ( $5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ ) have been performed by using the NBODY6++GPU code. Such models took half a year computational time on a Graphic Processing Unit (GPU)-based supercomputer. In this work, we develop a new N-body code, PETAR, by combining the methods of Barnes-Hut tree, Hermite integrator and slow-down algorithmic regularization. The code can accurately handle an arbitrary fraction of multiple systems (e.g. binaries and triples) while keeping a high performance by using the hybrid parallelization methods with MPI, OPENMP, SIMD instructions and GPU. A few benchmarks indicate that PETAR and NBODY6++GPU have a very good agreement on the long-term evolution of the global structure, binary orbits and escapers. On a highly configured GPU desktop computer, the performance of a million-body simulation with all stars in binaries by using PETAR is 11 times faster than that of NBODY6++GPU. Moreover, on the Cray XC50 supercomputer, PETAR well scales when number of cores increase. The 10 million-body problem, which covers the region of ultracompact dwarfs and nuclear star clusters, becomes possible to be solved.