Neutron star structure in the minimal gravitational Standard-Model Extension and the implication to continuous gravitational waves
Abstract
Tiny violation of Lorentz invariance has been the subject of theoretic study and experimental test for a long time. We use the Standard-Model Extension (SME) framework to investigate the effect of the minimal Lorentz violation on the structure of a neutron star. A set of hydrostatic equations with modifications from Lorentz violation are derived, and then the modifications are isolated and added to the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equation as the leading-order Lorentz-violation corrections in relativistic systems. A perturbation solution to the leading-order modified TOV equations is found. The quadrupole moments due to the anisotropy in the structure of neutron stars are calculated and used to estimate the quadrupole radiation of a spinning neutron star with the same deformation. The calculation puts forward a new test for Lorentz invariance in the strong-field regime when continuous gravitational waves are observed in the future.
- Publication:
-
Physics Letters B
- Pub Date:
- April 2020
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135283
- arXiv:
- arXiv:1909.10372
- Bibcode:
- 2020PhLB..80335283X
- Keywords:
-
- Neutron star;
- Lorentz violation;
- Standard-Model Extension;
- Continuous gravitational waves;
- General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology;
- Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena;
- High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
- E-Print:
- 9 pages, 2 figures