A gravitational lensing detection of filamentary structures connecting luminous red galaxies

We present a weak lensing detection of filamentary structures in the cosmic web, combining data from the Kilo-Degree Survey, the Red Cluster Sequence Lensing Survey, and the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Lensing Survey. The line connecting luminous red galaxies with a separation of 3 - 5 h^-1 Mpc was chosen as a proxy for the location of filaments. We measured the average weak lensing shear around ∼11 000 candidate filaments selected in this way from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. After nulling the shear induced by the dark matter haloes around each galaxy, we reported a 3.4σ detection of an anisotropic shear signal from the matter that connects them. Adopting a filament density profile, motivated from N-body simulations, the average density at the centre of these filamentary structures was found to be 15 ± 4 times the critical density.