Land Management in Optimizing Productivity of Limited Land to Deal with Rural Food, Feed and Fuel (3F) Security

Study aims to observe the best practice in optimizing land productivity for successing rural food and energy sovereignity. This study was carried out in Majalengka District on 2 ha land, arranged as monoculture calliandra plantation (2 × 3 m spacing), agroforestry (2 × 5 m spacing), and agro-sylvo-pasture (2 × 5 m spacing). Calliandra planted in agroforestry was combined with maize, beans, and peas; while agro-silvo-pasture planted with the same commodities mixed with utilizing waste of corn and calliandra for forage of cattle or goats. Calliandra were harvested in 2 years age by applying coppice system. Yield of 2 years fire-woods, annual (food crops), and 6 months coppice sprouting capacity of calliandra, were calculated as land productivity. The result showed that productivity of grown in monoculture was 28 tons/ha, higher than agroforestry (15) or agro-silvo-pasture (13.8). However, agro-silvo-pasture could significantly improve number of 6 months age coppice (diameter 4-6 cm) by 8-10 coppices/trees higher than agroforestry (6-8) or monoculture (3-5). Agroforestry was also successfuly improve land productivity; such as produced corn grain (8.4 tons), mung bean (1.6 tons), groundnut grain (2.5 tons), pigeon pea (0.8 tons), respectively, per year. Income for farmer can be calculated per years per hectar, as 3,050,000 IDR (monoculture); 26,575,000 IDR (agroforestry), and 28,375,000 IDR (agro-silvo-pasture). Whereas agro-silvo-pasture was not significantly different in increasing land productivity compare to agroforestry, nevertheless, cattle or goat breeder not only gained 3 tons maize waste and 2.2 tons leaf during a season but also saved fertilizers due to manure production. It can be concluded that developing energy plantation forest through agroforestry or agrosylvopasture can be the promissing program to realize the rural food, feed, fuel security.