Seawater Chemistry Through Phanerozoic Time
Abstract
The major ion balance of the ocean, particularly the concentrations of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and sulfate (SO4), has evolved over the Phanerozoic (last 550 million years) in concert with changes in sea level and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2). We review these changes, along with changes in Mg/Ca and strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) of the ocean; how the changes were reconstructed; and the implication of the suggested changes for the overall charge balance of the ocean. We conclude that marine Mg, Ca, and SO4 concentrations are responding to different aspects of coupled tectonic changes over the Phanerozoic and the resulting effect on sea level. We suggest a broad conceptual model for the Phanerozoic changes in Mg, Ca, and SO4 concentrations along with the seawater 87Sr/86Sr and sulfur isotope composition.
- Publication:
-
Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences
- Pub Date:
- May 2019
- DOI:
- 10.1146/annurev-earth-082517-010305
- Bibcode:
- 2019AREPS..47..197T