Electron energization by dispersive scale Alfvén waves at Jupiter: Results of 2D kinetic simulations in a dipolar geometry.

Dispersive Alfvén waves encompass both inertial Alfvén waves, dominant at high Jovian latitudes, and kinetic Alfvén waves, dominant in the Io plasma torus. Interaction of electrons with inertial Alfvén waves at high latitudes manifest as highly field-aligned broadband electron distributions (e.g. Damiano et al., 2019) that are consistent with recent Juno observations. Within the torus, electron trapping in kinetic Alfvén waves lead to the formation of electron distributions elongated in the parallel direction. In this presentation, we use a self-consistent 2D hybrid gyrofluid-kinetic electron (GKE) model to simulate the propagation of Alfvén wave energy from a heavy-ion dominated torus to high latitudes and examine the resulting wave-electron interactions. The presence of the heavy ions enhances the effects of the electron trapping in kinetic Alfvén waves (relative to a hydrogen dominated torus) and initial results suggest enhancements to the broadband electron energization at high latitudes as well. We also make initial inferences on how effectively these respective wave-electron interactions contribute to the local generation of superthermal electrons that are relevant to the System IV modulation.