Auroral diagnosis of solar wind interaction with Jupiter's magnetosphere

Jupiter has the brightest aurorae among all planets in our solar system, facilitating the remote observation of energy dissipation across vast distances of space. The solar wind and Jupiter's moon Io are the two main sources driving Jovian auroral dynamics. However, the relationship between auroral morphologies and their drivers is poorly understood, and as a result the application of auroral images to examine auroral energy transfer processes is still very limited. Using the unprecedented contemporaneous measurements from the Juno spacecraft in polar orbit about Jupiter and the coordinated observing campaigns using the Hubble Space Telescope, we find that both the solar wind and internal processes can influence auroral intensifications of Jupiter's dawn arc. Furthermore, by analyzing the morphological features of the aurorae, we can diagnose the interaction between the solar wind and Jupiter's magnetosphere directly from remote sensing of its aurorae. We also discuss the observational results with prior simulation and theoretical predictions.