Subsurface warming revealed from repeated measurements of temperature-depth profiles in the world

Subsurface warming due to global warming and heat island effect is observed all over the world. Global evaluation of subsurface warming in the continental scale is very important to clarify the impacts of global warming and urbanization on the subsurface environment. Repeated measurements of temperature-depth profiles (RMTDP) can reveal how much historical surface warming reached to subsurface environment depending on the time and the depth. Therefore, the change in subsurface temperature can tell us the history of global warming and urbanization. Global subsurface warming project compiles the RMTDP data sets all over the world, and will sort out subsurface warming depending on continent, decade, depth and urban/suburb/ rural scale. Many data in Asia and Europe, but not much in other continents. In this talk, we show how we collect RMTDP, analyze the data, compare with estimated data globally, and evaluate based on land cover and land use.