City-level CO2, CH4, and NO2 observations from Space: Airborne model demonstration over Nagoya

The Thermal And Near infrared Sensor for carbon Observation Fourier-Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS) onboard the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) launched in Jan. 2009 has demonstrated accurate and precise CO₂ and CH₄ distribution measurements from space. The globally acquired data have contributed to reduce the uncertainties in global and regional flux inverse estimates. In response to the urgent need for monitoring carbon emissions from intense localized sources, such as cities and power plants, we have been developing a next generation instrument that should be able to detect and map plumes from the intense sources with a 1km spatial resolution. We design our system to implement both targeted observations for intense local sources with high spatial resolution and wide-swath observations for covering the earth's entire surface with 2-axes pointing system and two telescopes. We have developed airborne imaging spectrometer suites with three imaging spectrometers: 0.47 µm for nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), 0.76 μm for oxygen (O₂) and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and 1.6 μm for carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄). The airplane observations successfully recorded CO₂ and NO₂ enhancements over a power plant in Greater Nagoya Area. In our presentation, we will present our first emission estimates based on the simultaneous CO₂ and NO₂ observation.