The linkage between the Tibetan heating and the atmospheric circulations and climates over Eurasia

This study focuses on the linkage of the Tibetan tropospheric temperature (TTT) with the atmospheric circulations and climates over the Eurasian continent. The atmospheric heating at mid-upper troposphere over the Tibetan Plateau is strong at the same latitudes in summer. The Tibetan heating is coincident and consubstantial with the Eurasian heating. The high TTT is accompanied by the increase of the mid-upper tropospheric air temperature at the latitude belts during 25°N-45°N over the region from East Asia, the Tibetan Plateau, Middle Asia, to Southeast Europe. The increased TTT leads to the southward temperature gradient to the subtropics and the northward temperature gradient to its north during 40°N-50°N. The temperature gradients correspond to the anomalous easterly at the region during 25°N-35°N and westerly winds during 40°N-50°N at the mid-upper troposphere. Thus, the Eurasian westerly jet shifts northwards. At the south and north sides of the anomalous easterly winds, the atmospheric circulations are completely different. Cyclonic and anticyclonic circulations prevail at its south and north, respectively. Therefore, air temperature increases at Middle Asia and Southeast Europe. The northward shift of the westerly jet over East Asia is also related to the enhanced East Asian summer monsoon, the increased precipitation in North China and Northeast China, and the high air temperature over the region between the Yangtze River and the Yellow River.