The emptying of a bottle as a test case for assessing interfacial momentum exchange models for Euler–Euler simulations of multi-scale gas-liquid flows

In the framework of the two-fluid approach, three different interfacial momentum exchange models for gas-liquid flows are described. An original emptying-bottle experiment is performed. Computations of the experimental con guration are carried out with the three closure models, using the NEPTUNE CFD code. Predictions, capabilities and shortcomings of the three models are discussed against experimental results using several local and global diagnostics.