Study on the agreement between solar and interplanetary magnetic field north-south directions using 101 CME-ICME pairs

The interplanetary magnetic field(IMF) direction is thought to control the geomagnetic disturbances. In this study, we compare all possible magnetic field directions (northward and southward) of solar source regions and near Earth environment. Based on the Richardson & Cane's interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) list, we consider 101 CME-ICME pairs from 1996 to 2014, which have source region data (X-ray and magnetogram images) and magnetic cloud (MC) data. We determine three possible magnetic field directions near the source regions: (1) coronal flux ropes based on the coronal flux rope model (CFR) using X-ray and filament sigmoid data, (2) overlying fields on active regions according to the potential field model using full-disk magnetograms, and (3) solar dipole fields based on polar magnetic polarities using full-disk magnetograms. Three magnetic field directions in the near Earth environment are also considered. (1) the magnetic cloud leading field, (2) the sheath field between IMF shock and magnetic cloud, and (3) the upstream field for 3-hours before the shock. We investigate the consistency among all field directions. Among all possible pairs, we find two meaningful consistency: (1) the magnetic field orientations of coronal flux ropes are consistent with those of overlying fields and solar dipole fields with the accuracies of 0.64 and 0.7, respectively, (2) the MC leading field directions are mainly determined by the coronal flux rope configurations of the solar source regions with the accuracy of 0.67, by the solar dipole field with the accuracy of 0.64, and by the sheath field directions with the accuracy of 0.68. These facts imply that we have to investigate other interplanetary origins to determine southward IMFs.