Impact of Secondary Organic Aerosol Exposure on the Pathogenesis of Human Influenza Virus (H1N1)
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown associations between ambient air pollution levels and emergency room visits due to virus-induced acute respiratory infections, suggesting a positive correlation between the pathogenesis of viral respiratory infections and air pollutants. However, the pathogenesis of virus infection during heavy haze episodes remain poorly understood. In particular, human influenza virus subtype H1N1 is still considered as a common cause for severe respiratory tract infection, with over 650000 annual fatalities till 14 December 2017. In this study, we investigate the effect of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), a major fraction of submicron particulate matter, on H1N1-infected human lung epithelial cells. Three human lung epithelial cell lines (A549, BEAS-2B, Calu-3) were exposed to SOA synthesized (ozonolysis/photooxidation) from various biogenic (limonene, α-pinene) and anthropogenic (naphthalene, phenanthrene) precursors followed by infection of H1N1. Chemical composition of SOA was characterized by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and ion mobility mass spectrometry (IMS). The level of virus replication in the presence of different pollutants was quantified by qPCR at 12 and 24 hours post infection. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated using the CellTiter-Glo and Caspase-Glo 3/7 assays, respectively. To profile the diverse host immune responses, we quantified the expression of host gene markers for a number of key proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines upon virus infection under SOA exposure. Compared to the results from biogenic SOA, results of this study showed anthropogenic SOA has a more profound impact on cell viability as well as virus replication. Quinones, one of the major toxic compounds in anthropogenic SOA, were also studied in the in-vitro exposure with H1N1 infection in order to link chemical composition of air pollutants to biological endpoints. Overall, our study demonstrated the impact of anthropogenic SOA exposure on influenza virus-infected human lung epithelial cells. Understanding the interactions between air pollution exposure and respiratory virus infections will provides potential management strategies for public health.
- Publication:
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AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts
- Pub Date:
- December 2018
- Bibcode:
- 2018AGUFMGH13B0943W
- Keywords:
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- 0305 Aerosols and particles;
- ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION AND STRUCTUREDE: 0345 Pollution: urban and regional;
- ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION AND STRUCTUREDE: 0230 Impacts of climate change: human health;
- GEOHEALTHDE: 0240 Public health;
- GEOHEALTH