Soil CO2 efflux in various tundra ecosystems of polar region

Response of the Arctic to global warming is seen as a high-sensitivity indicator of climate change. Considering that 25% of Earth's terrestrial surface is underlain by permafrost, warming permafrost may play important roles in carbon cycle of the Arctic. The soil CO₂ efflux from representative tundra ecosystems in polar region should be monitored in order to evaluate the potential future sensitivity of the carbon cycle to climate change. Soil CO₂ efflux were measured in the Council in Alaska, Ny-Alesund in Norway, and Cambridge bay in Canada using chamber system to estimate emission of CO₂. In Council, Alaska, which are moist tundra near tree-line in subarctic, the long-term measurement of soil CO₂ efflux was conducted using automated chamber system during summer from 2012 to 2016 except 2013. In Ny-Alesund and Cambridge, which are semi-arid tundra in high-arctic, soil CO₂ efflux was measured using potable systems at several locations a few times in 2016 and from 2016 to 2018, respectively. The magnitude of soil CO₂ efflux was compared in three types in tundra ecosystem. The variability of soil CO₂ efflux is affected by local environmental and climatic factors, such as soil temperature, soil water contents, micro-topography, spatial heterogeneity of vegetation communities. This study was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korean government (MSIP) (NRF-2016M1A5A1901790 and NRF-2018R1D1A1B07047778).