How does the rainfall change over Hawaii in the future? High resolution regional climate simulation of the Hawaiian Islands.

Two high-resolution (a 1.5 km grid spacing domain nested within a 4.5 km grid spacing domain) 10-year regional climate simulations over the entire Hawaiian archipelago have been conducted at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model version 3.7.1. The historical simulation driven by the ERA-Interim reanalysis data that validates very well against various observations serves as the basis to assess the rainfall changes through comparing the model results of the simulation in a pseudo globe warming (PGW) scenario. The detailed validations of the historical simulation and the analysis of rainfall changes in PGW simulation will be discussed. The importance of the trade wind inversion and its interaction with complex terrain in controlling the rainfall distributions is emphasized. The high-resolution simulation data are available for researchers to tackle other science questions.