Evaluation of measurement bias of cloud water probes under icing conditions in the southern hemisphere during SOCRATES

Under extreme cloud icing conditions, similar measurements from various phase cloud water probes begin to deviate because of differences in instrument design. The Southern Ocean Clouds, Radiation, Aerosol Transport Experimental Study (SOCRATES) provided a platform for comparing an assortment of cloud probes with measurement redundancies in clean southern hemisphere mixed-phase clouds. The resultant environment led to probe freezing, droplet shattering, and systematic errors in condensed water content measured between the University of Colorado Boulder closed path laser hygrometer (CLH-2) and the NCAR counterflow virtual impactor (CVI) when compared against isolated liquid, ice, and vapor phase water probes. We will address these biases, uncertainties, and ways in which to mitigate these artifacts in the future.