A review on automated sorting of source-separated municipal solid waste for recycling
Abstract
A crucial prerequisite for recycling forming an integral part of municipal solid waste (MSW) management is sorting of useful materials from source-separated MSW. Researchers have been exploring automated sorting techniques to improve the overall efficiency of recycling process. This paper reviews recent advances in physical processes, sensors, and actuators used as well as control and autonomy related issues in the area of automated sorting and recycling of source-separated MSW. We believe that this paper will provide a comprehensive overview of the state of the art and will help future system designers in the area. In this paper, we also present research challenges in the field of automated waste sorting and recycling.
- Publication:
-
Waste Management
- Pub Date:
- February 2017
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.09.015
- Bibcode:
- 2017WaMan..60...56G
- Keywords:
-
- ABS;
- acrylonitrile butadiene styrene;
- ACQ;
- alkaline copper quat;
- ADC;
- analog digital converter;
- Al;
- aluminum;
- As;
- arsenic;
- Au;
- aurum (gold);
- CCA;
- chromate copper arsenate;
- CCD;
- charge coupled devices;
- CBR;
- case-based reasoning;
- C&D;
- construction and demolition;
- C/H;
- carbon and hydrogen;
- CMOS;
- complementary metal oxide semiconductor;
- Cr;
- chromium;
- Cu;
- copper;
- DAQ;
- data acquisition;
- DE-XRT;
- dual energy X-ray transmission;
- DNA;
- deoxyribonucleic acid;
- EDXRF;
- energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence;
- EMS;
- electromagnetic sensor;
- FUSSER;
- fuzzy spectral and spatial classifier;
- GDP;
- gross domestic product;
- HDPE;
- high-density polyethylene;
- HIPS;
- high impact polystyrene;
- HIS;
- hue saturation and intensity;
- HSI;
- hyperspectral imaging;
- ICA;
- independent component analysis;
- KNN;
- k-nearest neighbor;
- LDPE;
- low-density polyethylene;
- LED;
- light-emitting diode;
- LIBS;
- laser induced breakdown spectroscopy;
- LIPS;
- laser induced plasma spectroscopy;
- MDS;
- magnetic density separation;
- Mg;
- magnesium;
- MIR;
- midrange infrared;
- MSW;
- municipal solid waste;
- Nd:YAG;
- neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet;
- NdFeB;
- neodymium magnets;
- NF;
- non-ferrous;
- Ni;
- nickel;
- NIR;
- near infrared;
- OCC;
- old corrugated cardboard;
- ONP;
- old news paper;
- Pb;
- lead;
- PC;
- polycarbonate;
- PCA;
- principal component analysis;
- PE;
- polyethylene;
- PET;
- poly(ethylene terephthalate);
- PLA;
- polylactide;
- PPP;
- purchasing power parity;
- PP;
- polypropylene;
- PS;
- polystyrene;
- PSW;
- plastic solid waste;
- PVC;
- poly(vinyl chloride);
- PU;
- processing unit;
- SS;
- stainless steel;
- SVS;
- smart vision system;
- RGB;
- red green blue;
- Rx;
- receiver;
- Tx;
- transmitter;
- UNEP;
- united nations environment programme;
- UV;
- ultraviolet;
- VIS;
- visual image spectroscopy;
- WP;
- white paper;
- XRF;
- X-ray fluorescence;
- XRT;
- X-ray transmission;
- Zn;
- zinc;
- 3D;
- three-dimensional