On Critical States, Rupture States and Interlocking Strength of Granular Materials
Abstract
The Mohr-Coulomb theory of strength identifies cohesion and internal friction as the two principal contributions to the shear strength of a granular material. The contribution of cohesion in over-compacted granular materials has been challenged and replacing cohesion with interlocking has been proposed. A theory of rupture strength that includes interlocking is derived herein. The physics-chemistry concept of critical state is elaborated to accommodate granular materials, based on empirical definitions established in the fields of soil mechanics and bulk solids' flow. A surface in state space, called the critical compaction surface, separates over-compacted states from lightly compacted states. The intersection of this surface with the Mohr-Coulomb envelope forms the critical state surface for a granular material. The rupture strength of an over-compacted granular material is expressed as the sum of cohesion, internal friction and interlocking strength. Interlocking strength is the shear strength contribution due to over-compaction and vanishes at critical state. The theory allows migrations from one critical state to another. Changes in specific volume during such migrations are related to changes in mean-normal effective stress and uncoupled from changes in shearing strain. The theory is reviewed with respect to two established research programs and underlying assumptions are identified.
- Publication:
-
Materials
- Pub Date:
- July 2017
- DOI:
- 10.3390/ma10080865
- Bibcode:
- 2017Mate...10..865S
- Keywords:
-
- internal friction;
- cohesion;
- soil mechanics;
- bulk solids' flow;
- over-compaction;
- interlocking;
- jammed state;
- rupture;
- slip