Three-Dimensional Kinetic Turbulence Simulations and the Effects of Turbulence on Suprathermal Ions

Quasi-perpendicular turbulence is simulated with a three-dimensional hybrid numerical code that treats ions as particles and electrons as a quasi-neutralizing fluid. The turbulence decays freely and reaches a quasi-steady phase. Ions with speeds well above the thermal speed are included in the simulations to examine the effects of turbulence on their acceleration. A range of turbulent amplitudes is considered. Application is made to suprathermal ions in the interplanetary medium.