In-situ formation of Uranian satellites from debris disk formed by Giant Impact

Uranus has a 98° tilt of the rotational axis with respect to the plane of Solar System, whereas the regular satellites of Uranus orbit in the plane of its equator. Several scenarios have been proposed so far to explain the large tilt and the origin of the satellites respectively (e.g., Slattery et al., 1992; Canup & Ward, 2006; Crida & Charnoz, 2012). In this study, we adapt the so-called giant impact scenario, which could explain both the large tilt of Uranus and the formation of the regular satellites simultaneously. The hydrodynamic simulations of the giant impact have been carried out using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method (Slattery et al, 1992; Ueta et al., in prep.). They suggested that the giant impact of an Earth-sized protoplanet with proto-Uranus could tilt the rotational axis, and a circum-planetary debris disk would be produced throughout the current Uranian satellites orbits by the impact. However, it is still unknown whether the Uranian satellites can be actually formed from the debris disk. Here we perform N-body simulations to investigate the in-situ satellites formation from the debris disk. We used a 4th order Hermite scheme for the numerical integration, and considered the gravity, collision and merger between each particle (Kokubo et al., 2000). We found that satellites with the similar orbital radius and mass to the current satellite were formed from the debris disk as a preliminary result. We also found that orbital decays of the satellites due to the tidal torque of the planet would play a key role to explain the inner satellite distribution.