Martian meteorite Tissint records unique petrogenesis among the depleted shergottites

Tissint, a new unaltered piece of Martian volcanic materials, is the most silica-poor and Mg-Fe-rich igneous rock among the "depleted" olivine-phyric shergottites. Fe-Mg zoning of olivine suggests equilibrium growth (<0.1 °C h^-1) in the range of Fo_80-56 and olivine overgrowth (Fo_55-18) through a process of rapid disequilibrium (~1.0-5.0 °C h^-1). The spatially extended (up to 600 μm) flat-top Fe-Mg profiles of olivine indicates that the early-stage cooling rate of Tissint was slower than the other shergottites. The chemically metastable outer rim of olivine (<Fo₅₅) consists of oscillatory phosphorus zoning at the impact-induced melt domains and grew rapidly compared to the early to intermediate-stage crystallization of the Tissint bulk. High-Ca pyroxene to low-Ca pyroxene and high-Ca pyroxene to plagioclase ratios of Tissint are more comparable to the enriched basaltic and enriched olivine-phyric shergottites. Dominance of augite over plagioclase induced augite to control the Ca-buffer in the residual melt suppressing the plagioclase crystallization, which also caused a profound effect on the Al-content in the late-crystallized pyroxenes. Mineral chemical stability, phase-assemblage saturation, and pressure-temperature path of evolution indicates that the parent magma entered the solidus and left the liquidus field at a depth of 40-80 km in the upper mantle. Petrogenesis of Tissint appears to be similar to LAR 06319, an enriched olivine-phyric shergottite, during the early to intermediate stage of crystallization. A severe shock-induced deformation resulted in remelting (10-15 vol%), recrystallization (most Fe-rich phases), and exhumation of Tissint in a time scale of 1-8 yr. Tissint possesses some distinct characteristics, e.g., impact-induced melting and deformation, forming phosphorus-rich recrystallization rims of olivine, and shock-induced melt domains without relative enrichment of LREEs compared to the bulk; and shared characteristics, e.g., modal composition and magmatic evolution with the enriched basaltic shergottites, evidently reflecting unique mantle source in comparison to the clan of the depleted members.