Circumstellar envelope manifestations in the optical spectra of evolved stars

We analyze the peculiarities of the optical spectra of luminous stars with circumstellar gas and dust envelopes: the time variability of the absorption-emission profiles of the H α line, the presence of stationary emission and absorption molecular bands, multicomponent absorption-emission profiles of the Na I D doublet lines. We show that the peculiarities of the line profiles (the presence of an emission component in the Na I D doublet lines, the specific type of the molecular features, the asymmetry and splitting of the profiles of strong absorption features with low excitation potential of the low level) can be associated with the kinematic and chemical properties of the envelope and its morphological type.