Optical atomic clocks
Abstract
In the last ten years extraordinary results in time and frequency metrology have been demonstrated. Frequency-stabilization techniques for continuous-wave lasers and femtosecond optical frequency combs have enabled a rapid development of frequency standards based on optical transitions in ultra-cold neutral atoms and trapped ions. As a result, today's best performing atomic clocks tick at an optical rate and allow scientists to perform high-resolution measurements with a precision approaching a few parts in 1018. This paper reviews the history and the state of the art in optical-clock research and addresses the implementation of optical clocks in a possible future redefinition of the SI second as well as in tests of fundamental physics.
- Publication:
-
Nuovo Cimento Rivista Serie
- Pub Date:
- December 2013
- DOI:
- 10.1393/ncr/i2013-10095-x
- Bibcode:
- 2013NCimR..36..555P