Climate Change in Algeria: Vulnerability and Strategy of Mitigation and Adaptation

Due to its geographical position and climatic characteristics, Algeria is highly vulnerable to climate change. Even a small rise in temperature would lead to various socio-economic problems that hinder the development of the country. The models predict that rainfall events are less frequent but more intense, while droughts are more common and longer. The spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall will also change. The analysis of climate data from 1931 to 1990 in northern Algeria reveals a rise in temperature of 0.5 ^°C would reach an increase of 1 ^°C by 2020. A temperature rise of 2 ^°C is expected by 2050. The decrease of water resources, declining agricultural yields, encroaching desert, the challenge of planning and the energy consumption for air conditioning are only the initial impacts to which Algeria must find answers supportable economically and socially. Thus although the contribution of Algeria on global warming is minimal (less than 0.5% of global GHG emissions), the country is very vulnerable and should integrate adaptation into its development policy.

We present in this study an analysis of the current situation with regard to support sustainable development and climate change issues, footprint of Algeria, trends in emissions of CO₂ in Algeria, mitigation and adaptation strategy Algeria, national climate plan and especially what the impact of the new national plan for promoting renewable energy adopted in 2011 and expects to produce 40% of electricity needs from solar. Avenues of consideration that are able to mitigate the impacts induced by medium-term climate change will also be presented.