OH and H2O of garnets in diamond-bearing and diamond-free garnet-clinopyroxene rocks from the Kumdy-kol area, Kokchetav Massif

Garnet-clinopyroxene (Grt-Cpx) rocks consisting mainly of Grt + Na-poor Cpx + calcite with various proportions, occur in the Kumdy-kol area. Diamond-bearing Grt-Cpx rock was first reported by Sobolev and Shatsky (1990) and has been well-known as one of the Kokchetav diamond-bearing rocks. UHP evidence, e.g., coesite exsolution from supersilicic titanite, was discovered also in the diamond-free Grt-Cpx rock (Inoue and Ogasawara, 2003). Presence/lack of diamond in Grt-Cpx rocks is one of important features to understand the stability of diamond in the Kokchetav UHP calcsilicate and carbonate rocks. We focused on OH and H2O in garnets in two types of Grt-Cpx rock to clarify fluid conditions during UHP metamorphism. One of the samples, the diamond-bearing Grt-Cpx rock (sample no. 25018; provided by Prof. H.-P. Schertl) is composed of two monomineralic layers, Grt-layer and Cpx-layer, with minor amounts of rutile and calcite. Coarse-grained diamond (up to 0.15 mm across) is included in garnet. Another Grt-Cpx rock, diamond-free one (sample no. XX16) shows a glanoblastic texture, and consists of Grt (30 %) + Cpx (30 %) + calcite (30 %) × titanite (5 %) with exsolved coesite-needles and plates. The precursor supersilicic compositions of titanite indicate six-coordinated Si at UHP conditions (Ogasawara et al, 2002; Sakamaki and Ogasawara, IGR in press). To understand the fluid environments during the formation of these two calcsilicate rocks, we chose garnets and conducted micro FT-IR spectroscopy. IR spectra of garnets in the diamond-bearing Grt-Cpx rock showed OH bands at 3430 and 3570 cm-1, sometimes with a week band at 3675 cm-1. The absorption band at 3570 cm-1 is the strongest and is sharp, whereas the band at 3430 cm-1 is broad. IR spectra of garnets in diamond-free one show strong OH bands at 3400 and 3555 cm-1, sometimes with week bands at 3590 and 3640 cm-1. The OH band at 3555 cm-1 is the strongest and is sharp, whereas the band at 3400 cm-1 is broad. IR analyses of garnets in the Grt-Cpx rocks show bimodal spectra; the relatively sharp band at ~3550 cm-1 and the broad band at ~3400 cm-1. The former band is attributed to OH in garnet structure and the latter one molecular H2O. The similar bimodal spectra were obtained from garnet in diamond-bearing dolomite marble. When we regard the total absorption at the range of 3100-3750 cm-1 as structural OH, the garnets in diamond-bearing Grt-Cpx rock contain 797 to 2506 ppm wt. H2O, and those in the diamond-free Grt-Cpx rock contain 679 to 2169 ppm wt. H2O. To evaluate the absorption spectra of the garnets in the Grt-Cpx rocks, we analyzed the garnet of different origin, Cr- and pyrope-rich garnet in mantle peridotite from the Garnet Ridge, northern Arizona. This peridotitic garnet shows a single-modal absorption band of OH at 3575 cm-1. No molecular H2O band was detected. Such results suggest that the environment during Kokchetav UHP metamorphism of calcsilicate may be saturated in H2O in contrast with the peridotitic garnet from the Garnet Ridge. The molecular H2O in the garnets of the Kokchetav Grt-Cpx rocks probably is submicron fluid inclusions trapped during UHP metamorphism. We thank Prof. H.-P. Schertl for providing us a very precious sample, diamond-bearing garnet-clinopyroxene rock.