Terra - the Earth Observing System flagship observatory

The Terra platform enters its teenage years with an array of accomplishments but also with the potential to do much more. Efforts continue to extend the Terra data record to build upon its array of accomplishments and make its data more valuable by creating a record length that allows examination of inter annual variability, observe trends on the decadal scale, and gather statistics relevant to the define climate metrics. Continued data from Terra's complementary instruments will play a key role in creating the data record needed for scientists to develop an understanding of our climate system. Terra's suite of instruments: ASTER (contributed by the Japanese Ministry of Economy and Trade and Industry with a JPL-led US Science Team), CERES (NASA LaRC - PI), MISR (JPL - PI), MODIS (NASA GSFC), and MOPITT (sponsored by Canadian Space Agency with NCAR-led Science Team) are providing an unprecedented 81 core data products. The annual demand for Terra data remains with >120 million files distributed in 2011 and >157 million in 2012. More than 1,100 peer-reviewed publications appeared in 2012 using Terra data bringing the lifetime total >7,600. Citation numbers of 21,000 for 2012 and over 100,000 for the mission's lifetime. The broad range of products enable the community to provide answers to the overarching question, 'How is the Earth changing and what are the consequences for life on Earth?' Terra continues to provide data that: (1) Extend the baseline of morning-orbit collections; (2) Enable comparison of measurements acquired from past high-impact events; (3) Add value to recently-launched and soon-to-be launched missions, and upcoming field programs. Terra data continue to support monitoring and relief efforts for natural and man-made disasters that involve U.S. interests. Terra also contributes to Applications Focus Areas supporting the U.S. National Objectives for agriculture, air quality, climate, disaster management, ecological forecasting, public health, water resources, and weather. The power of Terra is in the high quality of the data calibration, sensor characterization, and the complementary nature of the instruments covering a range of scientific measurements as well as scales. All five instruments on Terra continue to perform meritoriously. The project has made Terra data available to numerous relief efforts including responses to the Japan earthquake and tsunami, Superstorm Sandy, and droughts and fires in Russia and Australia. Highlights include ASTER providing the high-resolution global topographic data set, CERES indicating a 0.5 Wm-2 imbalance in net radiation at the TOA during the past decade, MISR improving the accuracy, resolution, coverage of L3 Cloud Motion Vector and demonstrating the feasibility of generating MISR winds in near-real time, MODIS implementing several major improvements to its calibration to be incorporated in the Collection 6 reprocessing of Level 1 products, and MOPITT beginning deliveries of Version 5 with greater sensitivity to CO concentrations at the surface.