Sr-Nd isotope geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Chah-Shaljami granitoids (Lut Block, Eastern Iran)

Chah-Shaljami porphyritic granitoids belong to the Lut Block volcanic-plutonic belt of central eastern Iran. These intrusive rocks are mostly quartz monzonites, granodiorites and diorites. Geochemical evidence reveals that they are co-genetic and that they have features typical of high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic rocks from volcanic arc setting. Primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagrams display strong enrichment in LILE, such as Rb, Ba, and Cs, and depletion in some HFSE, e.g. Nb, Ti, Y and HREE. Chondrite-normalized plots show a very marked REE fractionation, with significant LREE enrichment (23 ⩾ La _N/Yb _N ⩾ 14) and the lack of Eu anomaly. Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios of Chah-shaljami intrusives are respectively 20-67 and 21-34, which reveals that, despite their K-rich composition, these rocks also, have some adakitic affinity. Plots on the Sr/Y-Y and La/Yb-Yb diagrams show that the Chah-Shaljami intrusives may be subdivided into two distinct classes. A Rb-Sr age of 33.5 ± 1 Ma, mainly dependent on the Sr isotopic composition of biotite, was obtained in a quartz monzonite sample. Taking into account that this sample was almost unaffected by hydrothermal and meteoric alteration and that cooling was probably fast, the 33-34 Ma date is interpreted as the intrusion age. With the exception of two samples, initial ⁸⁷Sr/ ⁸⁶Sr ratios and C̵Nd values are clustered in the restricted ranges of 0.70470-0.70506 and +1.9-+2.7, which fits into a supra-subduction mantle wedge source for the parental melts and indicates that, in general, crustal contribution for magma diversification was not relevant; however, one sample shows higher ⁸⁷Sr/ ⁸⁶Sr and lower C̵Nd, revealing that, occasionally, crustal rock assimilation also contributed to geochemical variation; one other sample, strongly affected by hydrothermal alteration, departs from the main group only by higher ⁸⁷Sr/ ⁸⁶Sr, suggesting that its alteration involved crustal fluids. Sr and Nd isotope compositions together with major and trace element geochemistry points to the origin of the parental magmas by melting of a metasomatized mantle source, with garnet behaving as a residual phase, whilst phlogopite was an important contributor to the generated melts.