Universal scaling functions of a dissipative Manna model

This study uses a losing probability f to measure the magnitude of the bulk dissipation of a dissipative Manna model where P(s;r,L,f), the probability distribution of toppling size s, on a L×(L/r) square lattice is calculated. This approach assumes that the bulk dissipation corresponds to a characteristic length ξ. The finding ξ∼f leads to P(s;r,L,f)=sH(s/[,[L/A]f) where H is a two-variable universal scaling function, τ, D, and ν are exponents, and A is a nonuniversal metric factor determined by the calculation of moment.