Quantum Error Correction and Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing
Abstract
We review the theories of quantum error correction, and of fault-tolerant quantum computing, and show how these powerful tools are combined to prove the accuracy threshold theorem for a particular error model. One of the theorem's assumptions is the availability of a universal set of unencoded quantum gates whose error probabilities Pe fall below a value known as the accuracy threshold Pa. For many, Pa ~ 10-4 has become a rough estimate for the threshold so that quantum gates are anticipated to be approaching the accuracies needed for fault-tolerant quantum computing when Pe < 10-4. We show how controllable quantum interference effects that arise during a type of non-adiabatic rapid passage can be used to produce a universal set of quantum gates whose error probabilities satisfy Pe < 10-4. We close with a discussion of the current challenges facing an experimental implementation of this approach to reliable universal quantum computation.
- Publication:
-
DECOHERENCE SUPPRESSION IN QUANTUM SYSTEMS 2008 . Proceedings of the Symposium . Held 7 - 10 September 2008 in Kobe
- Pub Date:
- November 2010
- DOI:
- 10.1142/9789814295840_0002
- Bibcode:
- 2010dsqs.conf...53G
- Keywords:
-
- Quantum Error Correction;
- Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing;
- Accuracy Threshold Theorem;
- High-Fidelity Universal Quantum Gates