A Non-Linear, Non-Stationary Look at Oceanic-Land-Atmospheric Surface Temperature Variations over the Past 150 and 350 Years

A study of the Global Surface Temperature Anomaly (GSTA) and separate records constituted by oceanic, atmospheric, land, global temperature records, reveals several things: 1)while the reported rise in global surface temperatures over the latter part of the 19th Century, though the 20th Century and into the 21st Century, has been viewed largely as an atmospheric phenomena, our study shows that the Global Ocean is the key player in regulating the Earth's temperature; 2)there is a rich multi-mode, multi-decade variability of planetary temperatures over the past 160 years, and in one individual record, back 350 years; 3)in the 350 year record, we find periods of both cooling and warming; and 4)over the past 150 years the temperature trend displays an overall warming. However our computed rate of warming is significantly different than that declared by the IPCC 2007 Report. Moreover, this analysis reveals that the foundational definitions of weather and climate should be revisited.