SEGUE: A Spectroscopic Survey of 240,000 Stars with g = 14-20

The Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (SEGUE) Survey obtained ≈240,000 moderate-resolution (R ~ 1800) spectra from 3900 Å to 9000 Å of fainter Milky Way stars (14.0 < g < 20.3) of a wide variety of spectral types, both main-sequence and evolved objects, with the goal of studying the kinematics and populations of our Galaxy and its halo. The spectra are clustered in 212 regions spaced over three quarters of the sky. Radial velocity accuracies for stars are \sigma (RV) \sim 4 \:km\; s^{-1} at g < 18, degrading to \sigma (RV) \sim 15\:km\; s^{-1} at g ~ 20. For stars with signal-to-noise ratio >10 per resolution element, stellar atmospheric parameters are estimated, including metallicity, surface gravity, and effective temperature. SEGUE obtained 3500 deg² of additional ugriz imaging (primarily at low Galactic latitudes) providing precise multicolor photometry (σ(g, r, i) ~ 2%), (σ(u, z) ~ 3%) and astrometry (≈0farcs1) for spectroscopic target selection. The stellar spectra, imaging data, and derived parameter catalogs for this survey are publicly available as part of Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7.