Global Analysis of Carbon Sources and Sinks with a Comprehensive Model Optimized with GOSAT/Tanso Observations

We present a system to analyze GOSAT/Tanso data using a combination of existing models of CO2 exchanges due to hourly photosynthesis and respiration, daily air-sea gas exchange, biomass burning, Fossil Fuel Emissions, and atmospheric transport. This comprehensive system allows direct comparison to the observed record of both in-situ and remotely sensed atmospheric CO2 at hourly timescales. We have previously demonstrated that a lower-resolution version of the system has good skill at replicating diurnal, synoptic, and seasonal variations over vegetated land surfaces. The system is driven by meteorological output from the NASA Goddard EOS Data Assimilation System, version 5. Surface weather from the system drives calculations of terrestrial ecosystem metabolism (radiation, precipitation, humidity, temperature) and air-sea gas exchange (wind), with other input data coming from satellite data products (e.g., fPAR and LAI from MODIS, and ocean color from SeaWiFS and MODIS). The analysis system is evaluated using synthetic data on a 2 x 2.5 degree (lat x lon) global grid. Synthetic data are sampled in cloud-free columns along the GOSAT orbital ephemeris and used to estimate multiplicative biases to component fluxes by Ensemble Data Assimilation. The system is quite successful at retrieving mechanistic estimates of spatial patterns of surface carbon fluxes on monthly and annual timescales over land, but is less skillful over the oceans.