X-ray emission from the M9 dwarf 1RXS J115928.5-524717. Quasi-quiescent coronal activity at the end of the main-sequence

Aims: X-ray emission is an important diagnostic for studying magnetic activity in presumably fully convective, very low-mass stars with virtually neutral photospheres.
Methods: We analyse an XMM-Newton observation of 1RXS J115928.5-524717, an ultracool dwarf with spectral type M9, and compare its X-ray properties to those of other similar very late-type stars.
Results: We clearly detected 1RXS J115928.5-524717 at soft X-ray energies in all EPIC detectors. Only minor variability was present during the observation and we attribute the X-ray emission to quasi-quiescent activity. The coronal plasma is described well by a two-temperature model at solar metallicity with temperatures of 2 MK and 6 MK and an X-ray luminosity of about L_X = 1.0 × 10²⁶ erg/s in the 0.2-2.0 keV band. The corresponding activity level of log L_X/L_bol≈ -4.1 points to a moderately active star. Altogether, X-ray activity from very low-mass stars shows similar trends as more massive stars, despite their different interior structure.
Conclusions: The nearby star 1RXS J115928.5-524717 is, after LHS 2065, the second ultracool M9 dwarf that emits X-rays at detectable levels in quasi-quiescence. While faint in absolute numbers, both stars are relatively X-ray active, implying an efficient dynamo mechanism that is capable of creating magnetic activity and coronal X-ray emission.