Laboratory Studies of the Chemistry of Transneptunian Object Surface Materials
Abstract
Bombardment by cosmic-ray and solar wind ions alters the surfaces of transneptunian objects (TNOs) surfaces, and the influence of this weathering on candidate TNO materials has been extensively examined by laboratory scientists. Low-temperature radiation experiments with icy materials have demonstrated the existence of a rich TNO ice chemistry involving molecules suchas H2O, CH4, N2, and NH3. These same experiments have provided insight into reaction mechanisms needed to predict yet-unseen chemical species. Near-IR and visible spectra of ion-irradiated candidate refractories have generated the data needed to understand TNO colors and spectral slopes. The planning, execution, and interpretation of these experiments have been influenced by new energetic particle measurements from Voyager and other heliospheric spacecraft and by models for TNO surface irradiation fluxes and dosages. Experiments and available surface irradiation models suggest specific timescales for reddening of TNO surfaces. Altogether, laboratory investigations and heliospheric radiation measurements contribute to the study of TNOs by aiding in the interpretation of astronomical observations, by suggesting new lines of investigation, and by providing the underlying knowledge needed to unravel the chemical and spectral evolution of objects in the outer solar system.
- Publication:
-
The Solar System Beyond Neptune
- Pub Date:
- 2008
- Bibcode:
- 2008ssbn.book..507H