The XMM-Newton survey of the ELAIS-S1 field. II. Optical identifications and multiwavelength catalogue of X-ray sources

We present the optical identifications and a multi-band catalogue of a sample of 478 X-ray sources detected in the XMM-Newton and Chandra surveys of the central 0.6 deg² of the ELAIS-S1 field. The most likely optical/infrared counterpart of each X-ray source was identified using the chance coincidence probability in the R and IRAC 3.6 μm bands. This method was complemented by the precise positions obtained through Chandra observations. We were able to associate a counterpart to each X-ray source in the catalogue. Approximately 94% of them are detected in the R band, while the remaining are blank fields in the optical down to R ∼ 24.5, but have a near-infrared counterpart detected by IRAC within 6´´ from the XMM-Newton centroid. The multi-band catalogue, produced using the positions of the identified optical counterparts, contains photometry in ten photometric bands, from B to the MIPS 24 μm band. The spectroscopic follow-up allowed us to determine the redshift and classification for 237 sources ( 50 % of the sample) brighter than R=24. The spectroscopic redshifts were complemented by reliable photometric redshifts for 68 sources. We classified 47% of the sources with spectroscopic redshift as broad-line active galactic nuclei (BL AGNs) with z=0.1{-}3.5, while sources without broad-lines (NOT BL AGNs) are about 46% of the spectroscopic sample and are found up to z=2.6. The remaining fraction is represented by extended X-ray sources and stars. We spectroscopically identified 11 type 2 QSOs among the sources with F(2{-}10 keV)/F(R) > 8, with redshift between 0.9 and 2.6, high 2-10 keV luminosity (log L_{2-10 keV} ≥ 43.8 erg s^-1) and hard X-ray colors suggesting large absorbing columns at the rest frame (log N_H up to 23.6 cm^-2). BL AGNs show on average blue optical-to-near-infrared colors, softer X-ray colors and X-ray-to-optical colors typical of optically selected AGNs. Conversely, narrow-line sources show redder optical colors, harder X-ray flux ratio and span a wider range of X-ray-to-optical colors. On average the Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) of high-luminosity BL AGNs resemble the power-law typical of unobscured AGNs. The SEDs of NOT BL AGNs are dominated by the galaxy emission in the optical/near-infrared, and show a rise in the mid-infrared which suggests the presence of an obscured active nucleus. We study the infrared-to-optical colors and near-infrared SEDs to infer the properties of the AGN host galaxies.

Multiband catalog is only available in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/488/417