Analysis of Electron Cyclotron Waves Observed in the Saturn Magnetosphere

Electron cyclotron waves, sometimes with harmonics, are observed for many hours on a number of orbits of the Cassini spacecraft, and appear to be enhanced within plasma depletion regions. These waves are similar to those observed in the terrestrial magnetosphere by the Polar spacecraft. Possible free energy sources include loss cones and electron beams. When electron phase space distributions are available we are conducting a linear dispersion analysis of possible wave modes in an effort to better understand the physical origin of these waves.