The Mass-Metallicity Relation at z>~2
Abstract
We use a sample of 87 rest-frame UV-selected star-forming galaxies with mean spectroscopic redshift <z>=2.26+/-0.17 to study the correlation between metallicity and stellar mass at high redshift. Using stellar masses determined from SED fitting to observed 0.3-8 μm photometry, we divide the sample into six bins in stellar mass and construct six composite Hα+[N II] spectra from all of the objects in each bin. We estimate the mean oxygen abundance in each bin from the [N II]/Hα ratio and find a monotonic increase in metallicity with increasing stellar mass, from 12+log(O/H)<8.2 for galaxies with <M*>=2.7×109 Msolar to 12+log(O/H)=8.6 for galaxies with <M*>=1.0×1011 Msolar. We use the empirical relation between SFR density and gas density to estimate the gas fractions of the galaxies, finding an increase in gas fraction with decreasing stellar mass. These gas fractions, combined with the observed metallicities, allow the estimation of the effective yield yeff as a function of stellar mass; in constrast to observations in the local universe, which show a decrease in yeff with decreasing baryonic mass, we find a slight increase. Such a variation of metallicity with gas fraction is best fitted by a model with supersolar yield and an outflow rate ~4 times higher than the SFR. We conclude that the mass-metallicity relation at high redshift is driven by the increase in metallicity as the gas fraction decreases through star formation and is likely modulated by metal loss from strong outflows in galaxies of all masses.
Based on data obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and NASA and was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation.- Publication:
-
The Astrophysical Journal
- Pub Date:
- June 2006
- DOI:
- 10.1086/503623
- arXiv:
- arXiv:astro-ph/0602473
- Bibcode:
- 2006ApJ...644..813E
- Keywords:
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- Galaxies: Abundances;
- Galaxies: Evolution;
- Galaxies: High-Redshift;
- Astrophysics
- E-Print:
- 18 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables