1D Hybrid Simulations of Ion Cyclotron Waves Near Io

At the jovian moon, Io, atmospheric ions originating from volcanic activity are mass loaded into the corotating Io plasma torus in the presence of a predominantly southward magnetic field. In this perpendicular pickup geometry, newborn ions form rings in velocity space which isotropize over time. The free energy associated with this mass loading process leads to the generation of low amplitude ion cyclotron waves. Using a 1D electromagnetic hybrid simulation code we study the evolution of the ring particle distributions and growth of the waves under Io torus-like conditions.