TRIM5α mediates the postentry block to N-tropic murine leukemia viruses in human cells
Abstract
Murine leukemia viruses (MLVs) have been classified as N-tropic (N-MLV) or B-tropic (B-MLV), depending on their ability to infect particular mouse strains. The early phase of N-MLV infection is blocked in the cells of several mammalian species, including humans. This block is mediated by a dominant host factor that targets the viral capsid soon after virus entry into the cell has been achieved. A similar block to HIV-1 in rhesus monkey cells is mediated by TRIM5α. Here we show that human TRIM5α is both necessary and sufficient for the restriction of N-MLV in human cells. Rhesus monkey TRIM5α, which potently blocks HIV-1 infection, exhibited only modest inhibition of N-MLV infection. B-MLV was resistant to the antiviral effects of both human and rhesus monkey TRIM5α; susceptibility to TRIM5α-mediated restriction was conferred by alteration of residue 110 of the B-MLV capsid protein to the amino acid found in the N-MLV capsid. Our results demonstrate that species-specific variation in TRIM5α governs its ability to block infection by diverse retroviruses.
- Publication:
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Science
- Pub Date:
- August 2004
- DOI:
- 10.1073/pnas.0403364101
- Bibcode:
- 2004PNAS..10111827P
- Keywords:
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- MICROBIOLOGY