Development of the Maunder Type of Solar Activity and Their Climatic Response

The peculiarities of solar activity changes around Maunder (about 350 years ago) and Homeric (around 2700 years ago) minima of solar activity were analyzed. The solar activity changes at the time intervals relating to the solar activity minima mentioned have similarity. Both of these solar activity minima are accompanied by global climate changes. Differences in climatic response to Maunder and Homeric solar activity minima could be related to the development of the geomagnetic "Etrussia-Sterno" excursion around 2700 years ago, which can act on atmospheric circulation during the Homeric minimum of solar activity. Joint analysis of development of solar activity around the Maunder and Homeric minima make possible to understand the direction of development of the long-term and medium-term of solar activity and climate change at the recent time. Analysis shows that the solar activity level has reached its maximum in the vicinity of 20-21 centuries and will decrease in this century. Both of long-term and medium-term cyclical changes of solar activity are accompanied by global climate changes. This work was supported by INTAS (Project 2001-0550 and 03-51-4445), RFBR (projects 03-04-48769 and 03-05-65063), NorFA Grant "Network for Dendroecological and Dendrochronological Research in Northern Europe", General Physics Department of RAS (program "Solar wind"), and Russian Federal Program "Astronomy"