Recent Developments in Polarized Solid Deuteron Targets

The development, in the early 1960s, of the dynamic nuclear polarization scheme in solid diamagnetic materials, doped with paramagnetic radicals, led to the use of solid polarized H and D targets in numerous nuclear and particle physics experiments. Since then steady progress has been made in all contributing sub-systems so that proton polarization values around 90 % and deuteron polarization values between 30 % and 50 % have been routinely achieved in various set-ups. Many experiments with reasonably high luminosities have taken advantage of these developments and many more are being planned, especially with electromagnetic probes. However higher deuteron polarization values are wanted.