Hot Gas in the Circumstellar Bubble S308
Abstract
S308 is a circumstellar bubble blown by the WN4 star HD 50896. It is one of the only two single-star bubbles that show detectable diffuse X-ray emission. We have obtained XMM-Newton EPIC observations of the northwest quadrant of S308. The diffuse X-ray emission shows a limb-brightened morphology, with a clear gap extending from the outer edge of the diffuse X-ray emission to the outer rim of the nebular shell. The X-ray spectrum of the diffuse emission is very soft and is well fitted by an optically thin plasma model for an N-enriched plasma at temperatures of ~1.1×106 K. A hotter gas component may exist but its temperature is not well constrained since it contributes less than 6% of the observed X-ray flux. The total X-ray luminosity of S308, extrapolated from the bright northwest quadrant, is <=(1.2+/-0.5)×1034 ergs s-1. We have used the observed bubble dynamics and the physical parameters of the hot interior gas of S308, in conjunction with the circumstellar bubble model of García-Segura & Mac Low, to demonstrate that the X-ray-emitting gas must be dominated by mixed-in nebular material.
- Publication:
-
The Astrophysical Journal
- Pub Date:
- December 2003
- DOI:
- 10.1086/379607
- arXiv:
- arXiv:astro-ph/0309192
- Bibcode:
- 2003ApJ...599.1189C
- Keywords:
-
- ISM: Bubbles;
- ISM: Individual: Alphanumeric: S308;
- Stars: Individual: Henry Draper Number: HD 50896;
- Stars: Winds;
- Outflows;
- Stars: Wolf-Rayet;
- X-rays: Individual: Alphanumeric: S308;
- Astrophysics
- E-Print:
- 18 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the Astrophysical Journal, Dec 20 issue