Improved MODIS burned area mapping by combined use of multi-temporal Terra and Aqua MODIS data -- early results

The MODIS burned area detection algorithm was developed using MODIS Terra observations to map the approximate 500m location and day of burning. The algorithm is based upon the inversion of a Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) model against a long time series of observations with a moving temporal window. It is adaptive to the number, viewing and illumination geometry of the observations, and allows for combination of observations from different sensing systems. In this paper the combined utility of Terra and Aqua MODIS data is investigated. Early results indicate that the increased number and angular sampling of observations provided using both the Terra morning and the Aqua afternoon overpasses improve burned area mapping accuracy. Improvements in mapping accuracy are primarily through more reliable BRDF model inversion and a reduction in the number of cloud contaminated observations. Issues with Aqua shortwave infrared band striping are discussed and illustrative results for 2003 dry season burning in Southern Africa and Australia are presented with provisional validation provided by comparison with the MODIS 1km Aqua and Terra active fire products. The implications of this work for MODIS burned area mapping in other fire regimes and for fusion of observations from other sensing systems are also discussed.